How menopause medications work

What does HRT actually do?

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) replaces estrogen, progesterone, and sometimes testosterone hormones that naturally decline during menopause. These hormones influence nearly every system in your body, from brain and mood to bones, metabolism, and sex drive.

Estrogen's role

Estrogen supports brain chemistry (serotonin), stabilises body temperature, maintains bone density, and keeps vaginal tissues healthy. It also helps reduce cholesterol and protect the cardiovascular system. In HRT, estrogen binds to estrogen receptors in cells replenishing what's lost.

Progesterone's role

In combined HRT, progesterone protects the lining of the womb from overgrowth caused by estrogen. Body-identical progesterone (micronised, e.g. Utrogestan) has additional calming effects supporting sleep and mood.

Testosterone's role in women

Although often overlooked, testosterone plays a key role in female health supporting libido, motivation, focus, and energy. It's used in very low doses and monitored closely to stay within the female therapeutic range.

How long does it take to work?

Some symptoms improve within weeks, like hot flushes and sleep. Others such as low libido or brain fog can take 3–6 months. That's why regular reviews are part of our plan.

The takeaway

HRT doesn't just treat symptoms it helps restore balance to multiple systems in the body. And when used safely, it's one of the most effective treatments available for midlife women.

"When you understand how it works, you're more empowered to choose what works for you."